LaenderDaten

Navigationslinks überspringenLänderdaten > Bevölkerungsdaten > Demographische Daten > Bevölkerungsentwicklung > Mortalität > Kindersterblichkeit

Kindersterblichkeit

Kindersterblichkeit beziffert den Anteil der Kinder, die im Zeitraum der ersten fünf Lebensjahre sterben, bezogen auf 1000 Lebendgeburten. Die Sterblichkeit im ersten Lebensjahr bezeichnet man als Säuglingssterblichkeit.

Die geringste Kindersterblichkeit gibt es laut der WHO trotz großer Schwankungen zwischen den Ländern in der Europäischen Region. Hier kommen auf 1000 Lebendgeburten 7,9 Todesfälle innerhalb der ersten fünf Lebensjahre (2010). Die meisten Kindertode werden in Afrika südlich der Sahara und in Südasien verzeichnet, wobei in fünf Ländern etwa die Hälfte aller Todesfälle registriert werden: Indien, Nigeria, die Demokratische Republik Kongo, Pakistan und Äthiopien. In allen diesen Ländern gibt es große Unterschiede im Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung – sowohl zwischen ländlichen und städtischen Gebieten als auch zwischen Arm und Reich.

Jedoch gibt es auch Fortschritte. In einigen der ärmsten Länder konnten bedeutende Erfolge erzielt werden. So konnte beispielsweise Malawi seine Kindersterblichkeitsrate innerhalb von 20 Jahren um fast die Hälfte senken. Maßnahmen waren: Erhöhung der Anzahl von Hebammen, eine wesentlich verbesserte Impfungsquote und Investitionen in eine verbesserte Kinderernährung.

In Venezuela hingegen stieg die Kindersterblichkeit im Jahr 2016 wegen der schweren Versorgungskrise nach jahrelanger Misswirtschaft um mehr als 30 %.

Ursachen

Perinatale Komplikationen sind Hauptursache für die Kindersterblichkeit. Diese steht vor allem in Entwicklungsländern zu über 50 % in Zusammenhang mit Mangelernährung. In Subsahara-Afrika verursachen auch Malaria und Aids einen großen Teil der Kindersterblichkeit. Nach Angaben von UNICEF sind Durchfall und Pneumonien für fast ein Drittel der Todesfälle bei unter Fünfjährigen weltweit verantwortlich, das entspricht über zwei Millionen Toten. 90 % dieser Todesfälle ereignen sich in Subsahara-Afrika und Südasien.

   

Kindersterblichkeit je 1000 Lebendgeburten

 Land199020002012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Afghanistan178,5129,380,376,873,470,267,264,662,259,957,855,7
Ägypten85,746,726,425,324,323,422,621,821,020,319,619,0
Albanien40,827,211,210,59,99,69,49,39,39,49,49,5
Algerien51,941,726,526,125,725,324,924,524,023,522,922,3
Andorra13,17,64,13,93,73,53,43,23,13,02,82,8
Angola223,5205,1104,998,392,988,384,481,178,075,072,169,4
Antigua und Barbuda14,115,59,08,68,17,77,47,16,86,66,46,1
Äquatorialguinea178,5155,5103,6100,296,893,790,687,684,781,979,376,8
Argentinien28,819,713,312,712,211,611,010,39,58,67,76,9
Armenien48,930,716,815,915,114,413,713,012,411,811,310,7
Aserbaidschan95,374,632,530,328,326,324,522,921,520,419,418,6
Äthiopien200,8140,573,669,665,962,459,056,053,250,948,746,8
Australien9,26,24,34,14,03,93,83,83,83,83,73,7
Bahamas23,516,314,714,414,113,913,813,613,523,413,313,2
Bahrain23,012,57,97,77,57,47,37,37,27,17,06,9
Bangladesch146,086,144,442,140,03836,034,132,230,428,827,3
Barbados18,115,214,714,614,414,113,813,413,012,712,311,9
Belarus15,212,84,94,64,34,13,93,63,43,12,92,7
Belgien10,05,94,34,24,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,1
Belize38,423,617,716,916,115,314,513,713,012,311,711,2
Benin172,7136,8104,6102,3100,197,995,693,491,188,686,083,5
Bhutan126,777,138,036,334,733,231,930,629,628,527,526,7
Bolivien121,575,637,335,233,331,630,228,927,726,625,624,7
Bosnien und Herzegowina18,19,96,76,56,46,36,26,16,05,95,75,6
Botsuana45,374,055,250,348,245,443,539,939,037,736,334,9
Brasilien63,234,717,216,716,315,916,715,415,214,914,714,4
Britische Jungferninseln19,115,713,813,413,112,712,311,911,511,210,910,5
Bulgarien18,417,49,89,28,78,17,77,37,06,76,56,3
Burkina Faso199,1178,7112,9108,7104,7101,197,794,591,388,285,482,6
Burma115,389,358,255,953,851,849,948,146,444,843,241,8
Burundi170,3154,680,575,771,667,964,661,759,156,754,652,6
Cabo Verde60,438,124,222,821,319,718,317,015,915,014,213,5
Chile19,110,98,48,38,187,87,67,47,16,96,6
China53,636,713,512,511,610,79,99,28,68,07,46,9
Costa Rica16,913,19,99,69,39,18,98,78,48,27,97,6
Côte d'Ivoire153,4142,9100,196,993,590,588,085,682,879,777,374,8
Dänemark8,95,64,14,14,14,14,04,03,93,83,73,6
Deutschland8,55,44,04,04,03,93,93,93,83,73,63,6
Dominica16,416,927,228,529,931,232,533,634,535,235,635,9
Dominikanische Republik59,640,035,135,135,135,135,135,134,834,333,733,0
Dschibuti117,8100,672,269,967,865,663,861,959,957,956,054,1
Ecuador54,129,617,316,616,015,414,814,413,913,412,912,5
El Salvador60,033,117,516,716,015,414,814,313,813,312,812,4
Eritrea153,185,551,549,848,146,444,943,441,940,639,338,1
Estland17,711,03,93,63,43,12,92,72,52,32,12,0
Eswatini68,3112,370,467,967,964,461,863,259,656,956,252,6
Europäische Union12,17,24,64,44,44,34,24,14,03,93,93,8
Fidschi29,122,623,623,824,124,525,025,626,326,927,527,7
Finnland6,74,32,82,72,62,52,42,42,32,32,22,2
Frankreich9,05,44,14,14,14,24,24,34,34,34,44,4
Gabun92,484,556,854,252,250,448,446,644,943,241,039,7
Gambia166,5113,768,065,262,660,157,755,553,451,549,647,9
Georgien47,936,812,111,410,910,510,210,09,89,79,69,5
Ghana127,7100,163,460,557,855,453,151,049,147,245,544,0
Grenada22,315,415,715,916,116,216,316,416,516,516,416,2
Griechenland10,46,44,04,24,34,44,44,34,24,03,93,7
Großbritannien9,36,54,84,64,54,54,44,44,44,34,34,2
Guatemala80,452,132,130,829,528,427,326,325,424,623,823,0
Guinea232,7165,6117,7115,7114,5112,6110,1108,3106,2104,0101,698,7
Guinea-Bissau222,8174,5103,999,495,591,888,685,582,479,577,074,3
Guyana60,946,635,935,034,133,132,231,330,329,428,527,7
Haiti144,9103,975,873,972,070,168,266,364,462,560,558,6
Honduras58,337,522,922,121,320,519,819,118,417,817,116,6
Indien126,591,652,049,146,243,641,038,736,434,332,430,6
Indonesien84,052,231,230,028,827,726,625,624,623,822,922,2
Irak54,044,432,831,730,829,828,827,927,026,225,424,5
Iran57,336,117,516,816,115,515,014,514,013,513,012,6
Irland9,17,14,03,93,83,73,63,53,43,33,23,1
Island6,44,02,62,62,62,62,72,72,72,72,72,6
Israel11,66,94,34,14,03,93,83,83,73,53,43,4
Italien9,75,63,83,73,63,53,43,33,23,02,82,6
Jamaika28,020,916,315,915,41514,614,113,713,212,812,4
Japan6,34,53,02,92,82,82,72,62,52,52,42,3
Jemen126,495,158,958,558,860,860,560,361,761,659,761,9
Jordanien36,026,819,018,518,017,517,016,516,015,515,014,6
Kambodscha116,3106,337,835,333,431,730,328,927,826,825,824,8
Kamerun136,2144,4101,596,992,588,184,380,877,775,172,469,8
Kanada8,26,25,65,55,45,45,35,35,25,25,15,0
Kasachstan51,742,616,314,613,011,911,010,510,310,210,210,3
Katar20,812,58,78,48,17,87,46,96,56,15,75,3
Kenia102,098,852,250,148,145,943,842,440,839,438,637,2
Kiribati91,667,962,160,759,157,556,154,452,951,449,848,2
Kolumbien35,625,117,216,716,115,615,114,614,113,713,312,8
Komoren126,596,468,065,863,561,259,056,954,953,151,349,7
Kongo91,2113,558,256,454,652,851,049,347,752,444,543,0
Kongo, Demokratische Republik186,3160,1106,8103,399,796,593,490,387,284,481,779,0
Korea, Republik15,67,53,83,73,63,53,43,33,23,13,02,9
Kosovo104,648,817,516,315,314,413,512,611,911,210,510,0
Kroatien12,98,35,25,15,04,94,94,84,84,74,74,6
Kuba13,68,86,05,95,85,75,55,45,35,25,15,0
Kuwait18,012,810,09,69,39,19,08,98,88,88,88,7
Laos154,1107,362,059,056,253,751,549,447,545,844,142,5
Lesotho84,5107,586,985,184,082,577,875,576,477,275,572,9
Lettland16,914,26,66,15,55,14,74,44,24,03,83,7
Libanon32,220,110,310,09,79,49,29,08,88,78,58,2
Liberia263,6189,294,292,092,288,386,384,582,680,678,376,0
Libyen41,828,115,014,413,813,312,812,311,911,511,110,8
Litauen15,010,75,25,15,04,94,74,44,13,83,53,3
Luxemburg8,84,52,82,82,82,82,82,82,82,82,82,7
Madagaskar156,0105,368,067,066,46665,865,765,866,166,166,0
Malawi244,9174,270,564,559,856,653,550,747,845,643,541,9
Malaysia16,610,28,18,18,18,28,28,18,07,97,77,6
Malediven85,739,112,111,310,59,89,08,37,67,06,46,0
Mali231,4187,7126,1122,5119,0115,6112,4109,3106,2103,1100,197,1
Malta11,47,66,86,76,76,66,56,46,36,16,05,8
Marokko80,852,427,926,424,923,622,421,320,419,518,718,0
Marshallinseln47,542,138,037,336,435,534,633,632,731,830,729,7
Mauretanien117,298,853,451,950,548,947,446,044,643,241,840,5
Mauritius23,118,814,914,914,814,614,614,915,415,916,316,6
Mexiko45,428,317,917,316,816,215,715,214,714,213,713,2
Mikronesien49,238,533,032,031,130,229,228,227,326,425,624,9
Moldau33,431,516,616,316,015,815,515,315,014,714,514,2
Monaco7,85,23,83,73,63,53,43,33,23,13,02,9
Mongolei107,463,622,821,520,419,418,517,616,816,015,414,7
Montenegro16,514,25,55,04,54,13,73,33,02,72,52,3
Mosambik245,7170,796,492,188,38480,878,476,373,571,669,6
Namibia72,877,050,348,145,546,245,544,443,641,940,339,0
Nauru67,242,636,035,134,233,332,431,430,529,628,627,6
Nepal138,679,141,539,437,435,533,732,130,629,328,227,2
Neuseeland11,27,46,05,85,75,55,35,25,04,94,84,7
Nicaragua66,938,821,920,819,818,817,816,815,814,914,013,3
Niederlande8,36,24,24,14,14,14,04,04,04,04,14,1
Niger331,6228,5126,0123,4121,6120,2119,1118,4117,7117,0116,3115,2
Nigeria209,3182,4131,4129,6128,0126,4124,7122,4119,6116,8113,8110,8
Nordmazedonien36,916,010,110,611,211,410,99,68,16,85,95,3
Norwegen8,74,93,02,92,82,72,62,52,42,42,32,2
Oman39,016,311,511,411,311,211,111,010,810,610,410,1
Österreich9,55,54,03,93,83,73,63,63,63,63,63,7
Pakistan139,8108,183,080,778,476,273,971,869,667,565,563,3
Palau35,328,521,821,120,419,719,118,517,917,416,816,2
Panama31,426,018,618,017,516,916,415,915,414,814,413,9
Papua-Neuguinea84,971,155,253,852,551,149,748,346,945,544,242,8
Paraguay45,633,824,423,622,922,221,420,820,019,418,718,2
Peru80,238,118,317,617,116,516,115,715,314,914,514,1
Philippinen56,637,731,030,630,229,829,328,728,027,326,525,7
Polen17,49,35,45,25,04,94,84,74,54,44,44,3
Portugal14,77,23,73,73,63,73,73,63,63,43,33,1
Ruanda149,9185,455,252,249,847,746,144,643,442,140,739,4
Rumänien31,121,511,210,69,99,28,57,97,47,06,76,4
Salomonen38,230,824,924,123,522,822,121,420,720,019,418,8
Sambia182,3155,774,572,069,568,265,364,264,262,659,757,7
Samoa29,821,319,119,018,818,618,418,217,917,517,116,7
San Marino13,95,62,62,42,32,22,12,01,91,91,81,7
São Tomé und Príncipe108,882,430,527,825,423,321,419,718,317,116,215,4
Saudi-Arabien44,322,110,910,29,69,18,68,17,77,37,06,7
Schweden7,04,13,02,92,92,92,82,82,72,62,52,5
Schweiz8,25,64,44,44,34,34,24,14,14,03,93,8
Senegal138,6129,759,856,753,85148,445,943,741,840,138,6
Serbien28,312,67,16,86,66,36,15,95,85,75,65,5
Seychellen16,313,914,414,414,514,514,614,614,514,414,213,9
Sierra Leone260,5225,9148,0141,9140,0141126,1121,4116,8112,5108,5104,7
Simbabwe79,696,272,166,262,660,557,956,253,752,751,849,5
Singapur7,73,92,82,82,72,72,72,62,52,42,22,1
Slowenien10,45,52,92,82,72,62,52,42,42,32,22,2
Somalia180,4172,9148,1143,4138,9134,5130,3126,1122,5118,6114,9111,8
Spanien9,25,43,63,53,43,33,33,23,23,23,13,0
Sri Lanka22,816,510,49,99,38,88,37,97,67,37,06,7
St. Kitts und Nevis30,423,817,417,317,216,916,616,315,915,415,014,6
St. Lucia21,918,420,521,021,421,922,523,023,624,124,524,8
St. Vincent und die Grenadinen23,922,318,618,017,416,816,215,715,214,614,213,7
Südafrika62,271,041,539,638,337,336,635,835,134,333,732,8
Sudan132,0104,471,969,968,06664,162,160,358,456,654,9
Südsudan251,2181,6101,099,298,798,798,798,798,798,798,798,7
Suriname45,131,322,121,621,020,519,919,418,818,317,717,2
Syrien36,723,037,145,447,341,839,823,923,822,622,822,3
Tadschikistan102,583,740,439,438,437,436,535,534,533,532,531,4
Tansania166,9129,965,262,559,85855,853,951,950,449,047,1
Thailand37,121,912,411,811,310,810,39,99,49,08,68,3
Timor-Leste175,5111,367,265,363,561,659,757,755,853,952,250,5
Togo147,5120,083,781,178,575,973,571,268,866,664,662,6
Tonga22,217,012,812,612,512,412,212,111,911,711,411,1
Trinidad und Tobago30,328,121,520,820,219,619,018,517,917,416,816,3
Tschad212,0184,3140,6136,9133,3129,5125,8121,9118,0114,3110,5107,1
Tschechische Republik12,15,53,23,23,13,23,23,23,13,02,92,8
Tunesien55,430,017,717,517,317,217,117,117,016,916,616,3
Turkmenistan79,469,842,242,142,242,442,843,243,242,842,241,4
Turks- und Caicosinseln14,28,75,75,65,45,35,25,04,94,84,64,5
Tuvalu52,842,229,028,027,126,125,324,323,622,721,921,3
Uganda182,9146,166,762,559,15652,750,247,745,643,742,1
Ukraine19,218,210,610,29,89,49,28,98,78,58,48,2
Ungarn17,210,15,75,65,45,14,74,54,24,14,04,0
Uruguay22,917,010,09,79,38,98,47,97,36,86,35,8
Usbekistan70,360,523,822,120,519,218,017,016,215,414,714,1
Vanuatu36,028,828,628,327,827,326,726,025,324,724,023,2
Venezuela29,621,517,317,618,019,124,224,224,224,224,224,2
Vereinigte Arabische Emirate16,511,18,28,07,87,67,47,27,06,86,66,4
Vereinigte Staaten11,28,47,17,06,96,86,76,66,56,46,36,2
Vietnam51,730,022,622,322,121,921,721,521,321,120,920,6
Welt insgesamt93,076,347,646,044,443,241,940,640,039,338,738,1
Zentralafrikanische Republik177,4166,1123,3121,1118,6115,5112,7110,9108,8105,9103,099,9
Zypern11,36,53,13,02,92,82,72,72,82,82,82,8

 

Kindersterblichkeit weltweit 2019

Karte der Kindersterblichkeit in der Welt im Jahr 2019

[ Vergrössern ]

 

 


Siehe auch

Weblinks

Quellen

Bildernachweis